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J.Health Sci., 57(3), 300-303, 2011
-Research Letter-
Chloroacetaldehyde Induces Chromosome Aberrations and Micronucleus Formation but Not 2-chloroethanol
Jiunn-Wang Liao,a Ching-I Hsu,b
Isao Matsuura,c and Yng-Tay Chen*, c, d
aGraduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology and
bThe Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 250 Guoguang Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan (R.O.C.),
cDivision of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan township, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan (R.O.C.) and
dDepartment of Veterinary, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 250 Guoguang Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
2-Chloroethanol (2-CE) has been used on grapevines to accelerate grape growth, and its metabolite, chloroacetaldehyde (CAA), accumulated in the liver and blood from rats intoxicated with 2-CE. Chronic occupational injury might be a possible reason for the 2-CE intoxication. In this study, we used the in vitro and in vivo tests to examine the genotoxicity of 2-CE and CAA. First, 2-CE did not induce chromosome aberration formation in Chinese ovary hamster cells, but CAA did induce chromosome aberration formation, especially the chromosome gap-type aberration after S9 activation. Second, 2-CE at high doses (1/2 LD50), but not at low doses, induced peripheral blood micronucleus formation in mice. CAA induced micronucleus formation at low and high dosages (1/8-1/2 LD50). These results indicated that CAA plays an important role in 2-CE chronic intoxication, and the genotoxic mechanisms of CAA require further study.
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