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J.Health Sci., 55(3), 428-434, 2009
Potential of a Novel Safety Evaluation of Nanomaterials Using a Proteomic Approach
Hisao Haniu,*, a Yoshikazu Matsuda,b
and Kenji Takeuchic
aDepartment of Integrative Physiology & Bio-System Control, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto-shi, Nagano 390-8621, Japan,
bDepartment of Pathophysiology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachigun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan and
cDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano-shi, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
We studied changes in protein expressions using human monoblastic leukemia cells (U937) exposed to carbon black (CB) to explore the possibility of a new safety evaluation method using a proteomic approach. The cells exposed to CB with a particle size of approximately 85 nm did not show cell growth inhibition by 96 hr. However, when we performed two-dimensional electrophoresis with U937 cell lysates four times and analyzed the gel images, we found that the CB-exposed cells had changed significantly in 14 protein spots, with expression amounts being different by more than two-fold those at 96 hr. Only one protein was up-regulated while the others were downregulated. Ten of the 14 spots were identified using peptide mass fingerprinting: transportin 1, thioredoxin domain containing 5, annexin A2, otubain 1, 14-3-3 protein γ, etc. The functions of these proteins are associated with metabolism, responses to stress, signal transduction, and cell differentiation. According to our research, CB undoubtedly causes biological responses, but those responses are not detectable by conventional methods. Regarding safety risk, the proteomic approach could possibly detect biological responses more sensitively than conventional in vitro evaluation methods.
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