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J.Health Sci., 53(6), 655-663, 2007
Anti-diabetic Activity of Methanol Leaf Extract of Costus pictus D. DON in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats
Nandhakumar Jothivel,*, a Sethumathi Pudhupalayam Ponnusamy,a
Malini Appachi,b Sengottuvelu Singaravel,a
Duraisamy Rasilingam,a Karthikeyan Deivasigamani,a
and Sivakumar Thangavela
aDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Koorapalaym Pirivu, Pitchandampalayam (P.O), Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638 052, India and
bDepartment of Biochemistry, Maharaja College for Women, Post Box No.:17, Perundurai main road, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638 052, India
The methanol extract of Costus pictus (C. pictus) D. DON (Family: Zingiberaceae) leaf was investigated for its anti-diabetic effect in Wistar Albino rats. Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by administration of single doses of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg, i.p.). The methanol extract of C. pictus (MECP) at a dose of 120 mg/kg, p.o. was administered as single dose per day to diabetes-induced rats for a period of 21 days. The effect of MECP leaf extract on blood glucose, plasma insulin, serum lipid profile [cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)], serum enzymes [serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminases (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], total protein, and liver glycogen were measured in the diabetic rats. Histopathological studies of liver, pancreas and kidney were also carried out. MECP elicited significant (p<0.001) reductions of blood glucose, lipid parameters except HDL, and serum enzymes and significantly (p<0.001) increased HDL level. MECP also caused significant (p<0.001) increases in plasma insulin levels in the diabetic rats. Furthermore, MECP significantly (p<0.05), (p<0.001) increased total protein and liver glycogen in diabetic rats. Histopathological observations revealed that leaf is non-toxic and regenerates the toxic effect of alloxan. From the above results, it is concluded that MECP possesses significant anti-diabetic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
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