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J.Health Sci., 51(2), 212-219, 2005
The Potential Contribution of Phytoestrogens and
Organochlorine Pesticides in an Experimental Fish Diet to
Estrogenic Activity
Munekazu Matsuoka,a Hiroshi
Ishibashi,a Marie
Ushijima,b Makiko
Inudo,a Eiko Honda,a Masayoshi
Iwahara,b Hyeon-Seo Cho,c Yasuhiro
Ishibashi,d and Koji Arizono*, a
aFaculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural
University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Kumamoto
862-8502, Japan, bFaculty of Engineering, Sojo University,
4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan,
cYosu National University, Division of Ocean System, San 96-1 Dunduck-dong,
Yeosu-si, Leollanam-do 550-749, Korea, and
dEnvironmental Protection Center, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki
852-8521, Japan
Phytoestrogens and organochlorine pesticides in
the diet of laboratory animals are a possible source of
interference in bioassays that assess estrogenic
activity. In the present study, we investigated the levels of
dietary phytoestrogens, organochlorine pesticides and
the estrogenic activity of various diets for an
experimental fish and discuss the potential contribution of
these substances to estrogenic activity, in comparison
with those used in previous studies. After hydrolysis
with beta-glucuronidase, genistein and daidzein were
detected in all of the diets, and there were no significant
differences in the contents of these substances among
present and previous investigations. In addition,
organochlorine pesticides, such as hexachlorobenzene
(HCB), beta-benzene hexachloride (beta-BHC),
gamma-BHC, trans-nonachlor, and/or endrin, were detected in most
fish diets. All of these diets exhibited higher levels of
activation of beta estrogen receptors than with
alpha estrogen receptors in an in
vitro yeast-based bioassay. These results indicate that phytoestrogens, such as genistein
and daidzein, were the main substances contributing
to the estrogenic activity of the diet. Moreover, some
diets may exert estrogenic activity in in
vivo tests, indicating the necessity for more careful selection of the
feeding diet and measurement of estrogenic substances
when performing routine screening assays for
endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
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