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J.Health Sci., 50(3), 248-256, 2004
Apoptosis Induction of Mouse Splenic Cells by Exposure to High-Level
17beta-Estradiol and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
Humitoshi Sakazaki, Hitoshi Ueno, and Katsuhiko
Nakamuro*
Division of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
The immunotoxicological effect of
17beta-estradiol and other estrogenic compounds was
determined with respect to lymphocyte apoptosis. High
concentrations (10-6-10-5 M) of
17beta-estradiol inhibited lymphocyte proliferation. DNA fragmentation
was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis when
lymphocytes were exposed to 17beta-estradiol,
confirming the occurrence of apoptosis. After exposure
to 17beta-estradiol, the lymphocytes underwent
apoptosis within 12 hr of culture through three
sequential alterations of membrane structure, as
judged by the results of staining with three kinds of
dyes, namely annexin V, which binds on the surface of the cell membrane, and propidium iodide
and trypan blue, which cross the cell membrane. Diethylstilbestrol killed more cells whereas
bisphenol A, a weak estrogen, induced apoptosis in
fewer cells. These results suggest that 17beta-estradiol
and other estrogenic compounds induce lymphocyte apoptosis.
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