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J.Health Sci., 50(3), 210-214, 2004
-Minireview-
The Effects of Diesel Exhaust on Murine Male Reproductive Function
Seiichi Yoshida*, a, b, c and Ken Takedab, c
aDepartment of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2944-9, Megusuno, Notsuharu, Oita 870-1201,
Japan, bCREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology), JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency), 4-1-8
Hon-cho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan, and
cDepartment of Hygiene Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo
University of Sciences, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
Several reports have suggested that semen quality in normal men is declining. Given the lack of consensus
about the effects of diesel exhaust (DE) on the male reproductive system, we conducted various experiments. We
examined the effect of the exposure of mature male mice to DE for 6 months on the male reproductive system. Daily
sperm production per gram from the testes dose-dependently decreased with exposure to DE. Next, we investigated
the effect of exposure of pregnant mice to DE on male gonad development at the level of mRNA expression.
Expression of mRNAs for steroidogenic factor (Ad4BP/SF-1) and Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) decreased
significantly in male fetuses when maternal mice were exposed to DE for 8 hr per day between days 2 and 13 post coitum.
In addition, DE exposure during the fetal period may have some influence on the male reproductive function in
newborn mice. In utero DE exposure caused testosterone levels to increase in newborn male mice at age 4 weeks.
These findings indicate that exposure to DE may influence the male reproductive system. Further studies are
necessary to elucidate the mechanism of the effects of DE on the male reproductive system and to define which classes of
compounds are responsible for the changes in the male reproductive system.
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