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J.Health Sci., 46(5), 370-375, 2000
Radiocesium Concentrations in Wild Mushrooms and Characteristics of Cesium Accumulation by the Edible Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Hideo Sugiyama,*, a Hiroshi Terada,a Hisashi Shibata,b Yohoji Morita,c and Fumio Katod
aNational Institute of Public Health, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8638, Japan,
bYamanashi Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 2290-1 Saisyoji, Masuho-cho, Minamikuma-gun, Yamanashi 400-0515, Japan,
cApplication Center, Horiba Co., Ltd., 2 Miyanohigashi, Kisshoin Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan, and
dSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
Mushrooms collected from a sub-alpine forest of Mt. Fuji and some other locations in Japan in 1996 were analyzed for radiocesium.
The 137Cs concentrations in 37 mushrooms varied widely from 1.6 to 783 Bq kg-1 fresh wt.
The characteristics of Cs accumulation were analyzed by culturing fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummer Y-1 (P. ostreatus Y-1).
The 137Cs and stable Cs accumulation expressed as the concentration ratio (CR, 137Cs or Cs concentration in the dried fruiting body /137Cs or Cs concentration in the fresh medium) were in good agreement, indicating similar migration. The CR of Cs grown on medium containing both 0.1% Cs and 0.1% K, 10.2, showed a decrease of about 30 percent as compared with that containing 0.1% Cs only.
These CR values suggested that Cs accumulation by the fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus Y-1 is affected by the presence of K similarly to previous observations in the mycelia.
The 133Cs-NMR spectra from the fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus Y-1 showed two resonance signals, whereas those from the media after harvesting of fruiting bodies showed only one signal.
Just before growth of the fruiting bodies, bunches consisting of many mycelia were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). No significant differences in the elemental distribution (Cs, K, P and C) were detected in the mycelium surface by SEM equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer.
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